Cestovatelka tropick\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n Tritonka chlupat\u00e1 (Cymatium pileare) pat\u0159\u00ed do \u010deledi Cymatiidae, kter\u00e1 sdru\u017euje tritonky a jejich p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9. Popsal ji Carl Linn\u00e9 v roce 1758 v des\u00e1t\u00e9m vyd\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edla Systema Naturae. V nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed literatu\u0159e se \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u00ed pod jm\u00e9nem Monoplex pilearis, proto\u017ee ji systematici p\u0159e\u0159adili do jin\u00e9ho rodu. Ve sb\u011bratelsk\u00fdch kataloz\u00edch se v\u0161ak dodnes b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ob\u011b jm\u00e9na. Anglicky se j\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201ehairy triton\u201c, tedy chlupat\u00e1 tritonka, podle zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho chlupat\u00e9ho potahu, kter\u00fd kryje schr\u00e1nku \u017eiv\u00e9ho pl\u017ee.<\/p>\n Tritonky jsou pojmenov\u00e1ny podle Tritona, syna boha mo\u0159\u00ed Poseidona, kter\u00fd byl v antick\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed zobrazov\u00e1n, jak troub\u00ed na mo\u0159skou lasturu. Jejich schr\u00e1nky maj\u00ed v\u00fdraznou, plastickou strukturu a \u017eiv\u00e9 barvy, a proto pat\u0159\u00ed k obl\u00edben\u00fdm lastur\u00e1m sb\u011bratel\u016f i milovn\u00edk\u016f mo\u0159sk\u00fdch dekorac\u00ed.<\/p>\n Schr\u00e1nka je v\u0159etenovit\u00e1, pevn\u00e1, se st\u0159edn\u011b vysok\u00fdm, \u0161pi\u010dat\u00fdm z\u00e1vitem a prota\u017een\u00fdm sifon\u00e1ln\u00edm kan\u00e1lkem na p\u0159edn\u00edm konci. Dosp\u011bl\u00e9 kusy obvykle m\u011b\u0159\u00ed kolem p\u011bti a\u017e deseti centimetr\u016f, v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b i v\u00edce. Povrch je bohat\u011b \u010dlen\u011bn\u00fd: spir\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eebra se k\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00ed s pod\u00e9ln\u00fdmi uzl\u00edky a na ka\u017ed\u00e9m z\u00e1vitu je jeden nebo dva v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 varixy, tedy zes\u00edlen\u00e9 li\u0161ty, kter\u00e9 ozna\u010duj\u00ed m\u00edsta, kde se r\u016fst na \u010das zastavil.<\/p>\n Zbarven\u00ed je tepl\u00e9 a kontrastn\u00ed. Podklad b\u00fdv\u00e1 oran\u017eovohn\u011bd\u00fd, rezav\u00fd nebo sv\u011btle hn\u011bd\u00fd, \u010dasto se sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00edmi a tmav\u0161\u00edmi p\u00e1sy a b\u00edl\u00fdmi skvrnami na varixech. Nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je \u00fast\u00ed. Je prot\u00e1hl\u00e9, uvnit\u0159 syt\u011b oran\u017eov\u00e9 a\u017e \u010dervenohn\u011bd\u00e9 a po obou stran\u00e1ch lemovan\u00e9 \u0159adou b\u00edl\u00fdch zoubk\u016f a li\u0161t, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed n\u00e1padn\u00fd, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 grafick\u00fd vzor. Na \u010derstv\u00fdch schr\u00e1nk\u00e1ch je patrn\u00e1 hn\u011bd\u00e1 chlupat\u00e1 kutikula (periostrakum), kter\u00e1 se p\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed obvykle odstra\u0148uje.<\/p>\n Tritonku chlupatou pozn\u00e1te podle kombinace prot\u00e1hl\u00e9ho tvaru, v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch varix\u016f, jemn\u011b uzl\u00edkovit\u00e9ho povrchu a oran\u017eov\u00e9ho \u00fast\u00ed s b\u00edl\u00fdmi zoubky. Podobn\u00e1 je nap\u0159\u00edklad tritonka Cymatium aquatile, kter\u00e1 je v\u0161ak men\u0161\u00ed, zaoblen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a jej\u00ed \u00fast\u00ed je sp\u00ed\u0161e sv\u011btl\u00e9. P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 druhy rodu Cymatium, jako je Cymatium lotorium, maj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, hrbolat\u00e9 a hranat\u00e9 tvary. Velk\u00e9 tritonky rodu Charonia, s nimi\u017e se poj\u00ed antick\u00e1 legenda, jsou mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a maj\u00ed jin\u00fd tvar i kresbu.<\/p>\n Tritonka chlupat\u00e1 je jedn\u00edm z nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pl\u017e\u016f. Vyskytuje se v tepl\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ech oce\u00e1n\u016f, v Indo-Pacifiku, v Karibiku i v tepl\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Atlantiku. Takto \u0161irok\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed jej\u00ed larvy, kter\u00e9 mohou v planktonu \u017e\u00edt t\u00fddny a\u017e m\u011bs\u00edce, a oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 proudy je p\u0159itom un\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed p\u0159es tis\u00edce kilometr\u016f. D\u00edky tomu mohou os\u00eddlit i velmi vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed a ostrovy.<\/p>\n Stejn\u011b jako ostatn\u00ed tritonky je Cymatium pileare dravec. \u017div\u00ed se jin\u00fdmi m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161i, zejm\u00e9na ml\u017ei, a tak\u00e9 ostnoko\u017eci. Ko\u0159ist znehybn\u00ed pomoc\u00ed slin, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed kyselinu a l\u00e1tky schopn\u00e9 ochromit svalstvo, a pak ji poz\u0159e. \u017dije na skalnat\u00e9m a kor\u00e1lov\u00e9m dn\u011b v m\u011blk\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch, kde se ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 ve \u0161t\u011brbin\u00e1ch a pod kameny. Chlupat\u00e1 kutikula j\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 splynout s okol\u00edm, proto\u017ee se na n\u00ed usazuj\u00ed \u0159asy a drobn\u00e9 organismy.<\/p>\n Tritonky obecn\u011b maj\u00ed v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m ekosyst\u00e9mu d\u016fle\u017eitou roli. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z nich, Charonia tritonis, je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako jeden z m\u00e1la pred\u00e1tor\u016f hv\u011bzdice trnov\u00e9 koruny, kter\u00e1 ni\u010d\u00ed kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy. Men\u0161\u00ed druhy, jako je Cymatium pileare, zase pom\u00e1haj\u00ed udr\u017eovat rovnov\u00e1hu populac\u00ed ml\u017e\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch bezobratl\u00fdch.<\/p>\n Tritonka chlupat\u00e1 je kr\u00e1sn\u00fdm kusem do sb\u00edrky tritonek a pl\u017e\u016f s plastick\u00fdm povrchem. Vynikne ve vitr\u00edn\u011b, na polici nebo na podstavci, kde je dob\u0159e vid\u011bt jej\u00ed barevn\u00e9 \u00fast\u00ed. V interi\u00e9ru p\u0159inese tepl\u00fd barevn\u00fd akcent a hod\u00ed se do p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sky lad\u011bn\u00fdch i p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch prostor\u016f. Je tak\u00e9 vhodn\u00fdm d\u00e1rkem pro milovn\u00edky mo\u0159e a pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de.<\/p>\nJak vypad\u00e1<\/h3>\n
Pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed znaky<\/h3>\n
\u010c\u00edm je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1<\/h3>\n
Kam se hod\u00ed<\/h3>\n