{"id":4356,"date":"2023-11-08T18:55:10","date_gmt":"2023-11-08T18:55:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/?post_type=product&#038;p=4356"},"modified":"2026-10-02T12:49:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T12:49:10","slug":"haliotis-midae","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/product\/haliotis-midae\/","title":{"rendered":"Perle\u0165ov\u00e1 mu\u0161le u\u0161e\u0148 Haliotis midae"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Haliotis midae \u2013 jihoafrick\u00e1 u\u0161e\u0148<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Velk\u00e1 miskovit\u00e1 schr\u00e1nka s duhovou perlet\u00ed uvnit\u0159<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>U\u0161n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi pl\u017ee, ale jejich schr\u00e1nka je ploch\u00e1 a miskovit\u00e1, tak\u017ee na prvn\u00ed pohled p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161 ucho \u2013 odtud poch\u00e1z\u00ed i \u010desk\u00fd n\u00e1zev. Haliotis midae je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z u\u0161n\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch u b\u0159eh\u016f Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky a v ruce p\u016fsob\u00ed jako po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd kus p\u0159\u00edrody. Druh popsal Carl Linn\u00e9 v roce 1758 a \u0159ad\u00ed se do \u010deledi u\u0161\u0148ovit\u00fdch (Haliotidae). V Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe se mu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 perlemoen, co\u017e je jm\u00e9no odvozen\u00e9 od nizozemsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdrazu pro perle\u0165. Lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ezd\u00edvku by si tato mu\u0161le t\u011b\u017eko mohla p\u0159\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak vypad\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p>Schr\u00e1nka je velk\u00e1 a ov\u00e1ln\u00e1, m\u00edrn\u011b vyklenut\u00e1, s n\u00edzk\u00fdm z\u00e1vitem posunut\u00fdm k okraji. Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed strana je matn\u00e1, \u017eluto\u0161ed\u00e1 a zdob\u00ed ji hrub\u00e9 zvln\u011bn\u00e9 paprs\u010dit\u00e9 lamely, jejich\u017e z\u00e1hyby b\u00fdvaj\u00ed zbarven\u00e9 do kor\u00e1lov\u011b \u010dervena. Pod\u00e9l jednoho okraje se t\u00e1hne \u0159ada \u0161esti a\u017e jeden\u00e1cti drobn\u00fdch otvor\u016f, kter\u00fdmi pl\u017e za \u017eivota odv\u00e1d\u011bl vodu.<\/p>\n<p>Skute\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed \u010dek\u00e1 uvnit\u0159. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed strana je pokryt\u00e1 silnou vrstvou perleti, kter\u00e1 podle \u00fahlu dopadu sv\u011btla hraje zelen\u00fdmi, modr\u00fdmi, r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdmi a st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fdmi odst\u00edny. U mlad\u0161\u00edch kus\u016f v n\u00ed \u010dasto p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u010dervenav\u00e9 t\u00f3ny. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato perle\u0165 se oded\u00e1vna vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve \u0161perka\u0159stv\u00ed a \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b. Schr\u00e1nka obvykle m\u011b\u0159\u00ed 12 a\u017e 20 cm, v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 kusy dor\u016fstaj\u00ed a\u017e kolem 23 cm.<\/p>\n<h3>Pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed znaky<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>ploch\u00e1, ov\u00e1ln\u00e1 a m\u00edrn\u011b vyklenut\u00e1 schr\u00e1nka p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed ucho,<\/li>\n<li>n\u00edzk\u00fd z\u00e1vit posunut\u00fd a\u017e k okraji,<\/li>\n<li>hrub\u00e9, zvln\u011bn\u00e9 paprs\u010dit\u00e9 lamely na matn\u00e9m \u017eluto\u0161ed\u00e9m povrchu,<\/li>\n<li>\u0159ada \u0161esti a\u017e jeden\u00e1cti otvor\u016f pod\u00e9l jednoho okraje,<\/li>\n<li>siln\u00e1 vrstva duhov\u00e9 perleti na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u010c\u00edm je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p>U\u0161e\u0148 Haliotis midae se nevyskytuje nikde jinde na sv\u011bt\u011b ne\u017e u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky, kde ob\u00fdv\u00e1 m\u011blk\u00e9 skalnat\u00e9 \u00fatesy z\u00e1padn\u00edho a v\u00fdchodn\u00edho Kapska. Je to b\u00fdlo\u017eravec, kter\u00fd se pase na chaluh\u00e1ch a na \u010derven\u00fdch i zelen\u00fdch \u0159as\u00e1ch. Pl\u017e se k podkladu pevn\u011b p\u0159is\u00e1v\u00e1 svalnatou nohou a otvory ve schr\u00e1nce slou\u017e\u00ed k odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed vody, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edt\u00edm pro\u0161la \u017e\u00e1brami. Otvory p\u0159itom vznikaj\u00ed postupn\u011b: jak schr\u00e1nka roste, na jej\u00edm okraji se tvo\u0159\u00ed nov\u00e9 a ty nejstar\u0161\u00ed zase zar\u016fstaj\u00ed, tak\u017ee otev\u0159en\u00fdch je v\u017edy jen n\u011bkolik.<\/p>\n<p>Duhov\u00fd lesk perleti m\u00e1 jednoduch\u00e9, a p\u0159esto obdivuhodn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Perle\u0165 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z nesm\u00edrn\u011b tenk\u00fdch vrstvi\u010dek uhli\u010ditanu v\u00e1penat\u00e9ho, kter\u00e9 jsou spojen\u00e9 organickou hmotou. Sv\u011btlo se na nich l\u00e1me a odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, a proto se barvy m\u011bn\u00ed podle toho, z jak\u00e9ho \u00fahlu se na schr\u00e1nku d\u00edv\u00e1te.<\/p>\n<p>Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd je i \u017eivot ml\u00e1\u010fat. Mal\u00e9 u\u0161n\u011b se ukr\u00fdvaj\u00ed pod ostny kapsk\u00fdch je\u017eovek, kter\u00e9 je chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed pred\u00e1tory. Druh p\u0159itom roste pomalu: pohlavn\u011b dosp\u00edv\u00e1 a\u017e po n\u011bkolika letech, podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f teprve v sedmi letech v\u011bku. Samice vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed do vody miliony vaj\u00ed\u010dek, ale jen nepatrn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st potomstva p\u0159e\u017eije do dosp\u011blosti.<\/p>\n<p>Perlemoen je v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe cen\u011bnou pochoutkou a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed populace jsou pod siln\u00fdm tlakem nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho lovu. Proto se tato u\u0161e\u0148 dnes ve velk\u00e9m chov\u00e1 tak\u00e9 na specializovan\u00fdch farm\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h3>Kam se hod\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>U\u0161e\u0148 se skv\u011ble vyj\u00edm\u00e1 ve vitr\u00edn\u011b, jako miska na \u0161perky \u010di drobnosti nebo jako v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 dekorace v p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sky lad\u011bn\u00e9m interi\u00e9ru. Nejl\u00e9pe vynikne, kdy\u017e ji polo\u017e\u00edte perlet\u00ed nahoru na m\u00edsto, kam dopad\u00e1 denn\u00ed sv\u011btlo, a nech\u00e1te duhov\u00e9 odst\u00edny hr\u00e1t p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m pohledu z jin\u00e9ho \u00fahlu. Hod\u00ed se tak\u00e9 do sb\u00edrek, kde m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t vedle men\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f u\u0161n\u00ed, a do p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00fdch uk\u00e1zek, proto\u017ee na n\u00ed lze dob\u0159e vysv\u011btlit, jak vznik\u00e1 perle\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Podobn\u00e9 kousky najdete v kategorii <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/product-category\/lastury\/haliotiidae\/\">Haliotiidae<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u00e9\u010de a manipulace<\/h3>\n<p>Perle\u0165ov\u00e1 strana je hladk\u00e1 a snadno se \u010dist\u00ed. Prach sta\u010d\u00ed set\u0159\u00edt m\u011bkk\u00fdm such\u00fdm had\u0159\u00edkem, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b schr\u00e1nku kr\u00e1tce opl\u00e1chnout vla\u017enou vodou a nechat voln\u011b vyschnout. Nepou\u017e\u00edvejte kyseliny, b\u011blidla ani agresivn\u00ed \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edky, kter\u00e9 by perle\u0165 zakalily. Pokud u\u0161e\u0148 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te jako misku, vkl\u00e1dejte do n\u00ed rad\u011bji jen such\u00e9 a lehk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. Okraje schr\u00e1nky jsou ten\u010d\u00ed ne\u017e jej\u00ed st\u0159ed, proto ji chra\u0148te p\u0159ed n\u00e1razy a p\u00e1dem.<\/p>\n<p>Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o tomto druhu najdete na <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haliotis_midae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anglick\u00e9 Wikipedii<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed origin\u00e1l<\/h3>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 lastura je origin\u00e1l vytvo\u0159en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edrodou. Velikost, tvar, barva i kresba se proto u jednotliv\u00fdch kus\u016f li\u0161\u00ed a va\u0161e mu\u0161le nebude vypadat \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u011b jako ta na fotografii. Drobn\u00e9 nerovnosti nebo stopy po \u017eivot\u011b v mo\u0159i nejsou vadou, ale sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jej\u00edho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Velk\u00e1 ploch\u00e1 mu\u0161le s vrstvou duhov\u00e9 perleti uvnit\u0159 a \u0159adou drobn\u00fdch otvor\u016f po okraji. Ozdoba sb\u00edrky i praktick\u00e1 miska na drobnosti. Ka\u017ed\u00fd kus je p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed origin\u00e1l.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":4370,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"content-type":""},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[139,151],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-4356","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-haliotiidae","product_cat-lastury","first","instock","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/4356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4356"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=4356"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=4356"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shellsupply.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=4356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}